Windmill



WINDMILL.

Patented May 12, 1885.

.dttornezp (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. WARWICK.

WINDMILL.

00 R m 8 0 0 T H d 2 E 1 W Va 1 M w M d t v n WINDMILL.

No. 317,691. Patented May 12, 1885.

Attorney;

N. PETERS, Photo-Lithognpher- Wnh NITED STATES PATENT Demon.-

JOHN WARWICK, OF BELOIT, WISCONSIN.

WINDMILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 317,691, dated May 12, 1885.

Application filed September 10, 1884. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN WARWICK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Beloit, in the county of Rock and State of Wisconsin, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Windmills, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to windmills, and to that class of the same in which a solid wheel is employed; and it has for its object to provide improved means for governing the speed of the same, whereby when the velocity of the wheel increases above a certain point a governor will automatically act to throw the wheel out of the wind. 7

With these and other objects in view, the said invention consists in certain details of construction and combination of parts, as hereinafter set forth, and particularlypointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of a mill with my improvements applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the same. Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6 represent detail views of detached parts of the mill. Fig. 7 illustrates a modification.

Like letters refer to corresponding parts in the several figures of the drawings.

Referring to the drawings, A designates the posts of a windmill-tower, to the upper ends of which is secured a stationary collar or cap, B, substantially dish-shaped, as shown,

hub M of the wind-wheel M.

said collar or cap having its upper rim, 0, provided on its outer edge with a circumferential series of teeth, 1), the space on the rim within the teeth forming a track, E, for the purpose hereinafter explained.

F designates the turn-tableworkin g through an opening of the cap or collar B down between the posts of the tower, its lower end running in the track G of a plate, H, which is secured to a cross-beam, I, connecting the posts, and its upper end having an arm or bracket, J, secured thereto and turning therewith.

K designates the wheel-shaft mounted in the arm or bracket J, and having at its inner end a gear-wheel, L, the outer end of the shaft passing through and secured to the spider or Fromthe inner side of the spider or hub M projects a tapering friction-face, N, and a friction-clutch, O, is mounted loosely on the wheel-shaft K, one end of said clutch carrying a pinion, P, meshing with the teeth D on the cap or collar B, and the other end having an outwardly flaring or'tapering sleeve, Q, arranged to fit around the friction-face N when the clutch is moved outward. A plunger, R, is secured to the gear-wheel L, and is disposed within the hollow turn-table, the lower end of the plunger connecting with the pump-pole S, square in form, which works loosely through an opening in the plate H.

T designates a stand bolted to the arm or bracket J, and constructed of substantially the form shown in Fig. 3, comprising curved side bars, a, transverse connecting-bar b, and a base-piece, c, the latter having an opening to adapt it to fit over the upper portion of the arm or bracket J, a piece, d, of the same form as the base-piece o, fitting against the under side of the bracket, the pieces 0 61 being secured together by bolts. A vertical shaft, U, passes through the upper end of the stand, and is stepped at its lower end in the transverse bar b of the stand T, said shaft carrying a gear-wheel, V, which meshes with the gear-wheel L on the end of the wheelshaft, so that when the latter is revolved by the wheel the said gear-wheels will transmit the motion to the vertical shaft, for the purpose hereinafter explained.

W designates a sleeve fitting loosely on the vertical shaft U, andarranged to work vertically on the same, a pair of rods, X, connectin g with the sleeve at their lower ends, and having their upper ends attached to short arms Y Y. The governor-balls Z Z are provided with bars 0, the ends of which are pivoted to the ends of the arms Y Y by a pin or bolt, f, the

latter connecting the ends of inclined parallel bars 9 g of a frame, A adjustably secured upon the upperend of the vertical shaft U, so that the arms Y Y and'the ends of the rods X will work between the said parallel bars g. The said sleeve W is recessed at h, to receive a collar, B attached to a lever, 0 which is pivoted at l to the slotted upper end of a stand, D bolted to the end of arm or bracket J, the said stand being shown more clearly in the detail view Fig. 4:- The said lever C is provided with a downward extension, E having its lower end slotted to tit around the frictionclutch O, and secured to the same, so that the movement of the lever imparts a correspondin g movement to the clutch to force it into engagement with the friction-face of the wheelhub.

To the outerends, and on each side of the arm or bracket J, are secured castings or plates F having wheels or rollers G journaled therein and running on the track E of the cap or collar B, so as to guide the mill in its movements. This part of my invention is shown more clearly in the plan detail view Fig. 5. A wire or rope, H is attached to the outer end of the lever G and passes downward and connects with a ring or collar, 1 encircling the lower end of the turn-table, the latter being slotted at m, to receive a projection, n, of the ring or collar. A lever, J is pivoted to one of the posts A, and is forked at its inner end, to fit around the turn-table above the ring or collar 1 a wire or cord, K connecting with the lever J and extending down through the tower, so that by the operation of said wire or cord the lever is drawn downward to cause the collar to descend on the turn-table, the projection a sliding in the slot mfand causing the wire or rope H to which the collar is attached, to draw on the end of the lever C This causes the sleeve to move down on the shaft U, the lever working at l, and by its downward movement causin g th e forward movement of the extension E which, being attached to the clutch O, imparts a corresponding forward movement thereto, the sleeve Q fitting over or in the friction-face N, projecting from the spider or hub M, causing the wheel to roll out of the wind. A weight should be attached to the lower end of the cord or wire K so as to hold the lever J down, the wheel being out of the wind, and by releasing said rope K the lever J 2 is forced up by governor-balls dropping by the tension on the rope or wire H drawing onto the ring or collar 1 the lever moving up and causing the disengagement ofthe clutch and the wheel to assnmea position at right angles to the wind.

In Fig. 6 is shown in detail the lever J the ring or collar 1 and a portion of the turn-table with the slot m. i

The operation of my invention will be readily understood from the foregoing description, taken in vconnection with the annexed drawings. By the revolution of the wheel the shaft K is turned, causing motion to be imparted to the gear-wheel L, which motion is communicated to the vertical shaft U by means of the gear-wheel V. As the wheel runs up to its maximum speed the governor is driven around with the shaft U, the balls Z rising by centrifugal force, and by means of the connectingrods described and shown the sleeve W is forced down on the shaft U, the lever C likewise moving downward, and causing its extension E to move forward, the clutch 0 being forced by the extension into contact with the friction-face N on the hub of the windwheel, the latter rolling out of the wind, so as to decrease its speed. \Vhen this is effected the governor-balls drop, causing the upward movementof the sleeve W and the corresponding movement of the lever 0 the latter imparting a backward movement to the clutch O, and withdrawing the latter from engagement with the friction-face, allowing the wheel to take a position at right angles to the wind. In this manner the speed of the wheel will be governed, so that when it reaches above a certain point the governor will act automatically to throw the wheel out of the wind; but as soon as the speed decreases the governor will cease to act and the parts be restored to their normal positions. I When it is desired to stop the mill, the rop or wire K is drawn downward in the manner described, to force the friction-clutch 0 into contact with the friction'face N and allow the wheel to roll out of the win d. A weight should be attached to the'end of this cord or wire, to hold the wheel in this position out of the wind or edgewise to the wind.

In place ofthe teeth D on the cap or collar B l and the pinion 1 to mesh with said teeth, I may employ a friction-wheel running on a frietion-surface, either method effecting the desired end, to guide the wheel-shaft and the arm or bracket in its movements.

In Fig. 7 is shown a modification of the construction above described. The spider or hub M is provided with wheel-arms m, and is mounted on the end of the wheelshaft K. At the inner end of this shaft is the usual gearwheel, L, meshing with a pinion, M on the upper end of a cylindrical tube, N, which extends downward, as shown, through the turn-table F. Screw-threaded bolts having clampingcollars serve to brace the tube N and yet permit the revolution of the same.

P designates a friction-wheel feathered on the wheel-shaft K, and working against a friction-surface, D, on the upper rim of the dishshaped cap or collar B, which is secured to the upper ends of the posts A. Screw-threaded rods 0 are attached to the upper and lower portions of the friction-wheel, and have their outer ends pivoted to the inner ends of bellcrank levers P the latter being pivoted within slots Q of a spider,lt mounted on the extended end ofthe wheel-shaft K on the outer side of the wheel To the bell-crank levers P are connected rods S extending parallel with the windwheel, and having weights T vertically adjustable thereon, the upper or outer ends of the said rods passing through slotted bars U bolted to one of the arms of the wheel.

The operation of this modification is obvious. The wheel is moved in the usual manner, and when the speed increases above a certain point the centrifugal force imparted to the weights T will cause the rods S to work outward, drawing one end of the bellcrank levers P upward or outward, and cansing the other ends to force the threaded rods O and the friction-wheel P into contact with the friction-face D, the wheel rolling itself edgewise to the wind. As the revolution of the wheel decreases, the rods S drop down end of thelever, the free end of which connects with the friction'wheel, so that when the lever is raised it draws the friction-wheel inward.

It will be seen that my invention affords a reliable governing attachment to solid-wheel windmills, the devices working perfectly, so that the wheel will not reach above its required speed.

It will be apparent that various modifications may be made in the details of construction without departing from the spirit or scope of my invention.

Having described my invention, I claim- 1. In a windmill, the combination, with the tower having a cap or collar secured to the upper end of the same, said cap or collar being provided with a circumferential series of teeth around the same, of the wind-wheel, wheelshaft, a frictionclutch sliding loosely on said shaft, and carrying a pinion adapted to engage with the teeth on the cap or collar, a frictionface carried by the hub of the wind-wheel, and a governor operating by the movement of the wheel, so that when the speed of the latter increases the clutch will be forced into engagement with the friction-face, for the purpose set forth.

2. In a windmill, the combination, with the tower having a cap or collar secured to the same, of the wind-wheel, wheel-shaft, a friction or gear wheel mounted loosely on the said shaft and sliding thereon, and a governor operating by the movement of the wheel, so that when the speed of the latter increases above a certain point the friction or gear wheel will be forced inward, so as to engage with the rim of the collar or cap, as set forth.

3. In a windmill, the combination, with the tower having a cap or collar secured to the upper end of the same, said cap or collar having a circumferential series of teeth around its rim, and a track within said teeth, of the windwheel having a friction-face carried by its hub or spider, the wheel-shaft, a friction-clutch sliding loosely on said shaft and carrying a pinion or friction wheel, wheels carried by the shaft and running in the track on the cap or collar, and a governor operating by the movement of the wheel, so that when the speed of the latter increases the clutch will be forced into engagement with the friction-face and the gear-wheel into engagement with the teeth on the cap or collar, as set forth.

4. In a windmill, the tower provided with a cap or collar, in combination with the windwheel, the wheel-shaft, a clutch sliding on said shaft, and a governor operating by the movement of the wheel, so that as the speed of the latter increases or decreases the clutch will be forced into or out of engagement with the wheel and cap, respectively, for the purpose set forth.

5. In a windmill, the tower provided with a cap or collar, in combination with the windwheel, wheel-shaft, a clutch sliding on the latter, and devices, substantially as described, for manually causing the sliding of the clutch on the shaft, so as to force it out of engagement with the wheel, as set forth.

6. In a windmill, the combination, withthe wind-wheel and its shaft, of a governor operated by the increased velocity of the wheel, and connecting devices for turning the wheel out of the wind as said governor is operated, for the purpose set forth.

7 In a windmill, the combination, with the wheel and its shaft, of a clutch sliding on the latter, a governor operated by the increased velocity of the wheel, and devices connecting the governor with the clutch to effect the turning of the wheel out of the wind as the clutch comes in contact with the wheel, as set forth.

8. In a windmill, the combination, with the wind-wheel and its shaft, the latter carrying a gear-wheel on the end thereof, of a suitablymounted shaft arranged to be driven by said gear-wheel, a governor mounted to revolve around said shaft, and devices mounted on the wheel-shaft and connecting with the governor, so that when the speed of the wheel increases said devices will be set into operation by the governor to turn the wheel out of the wind, as set forth.

9. In a windmill, the combination, with the tower having a cap or collar secured to the same, of the wind-wheel having a friction-face formed on its hub or spider, the wheel-shaft, a friction-clutch sliding loosely on said shaft, a gear-wheel on the end of the shaft, :a suitably-mounted shaft arranged to be driven by said gear-wheel, a sleeve sliding on said shaft, a governor mounted on said sleeve, and a lever attached to the sleeve and connecting with the friction-clutch, as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN l/VARWIOK.

Witnesses:

J. 0. R001, 0. F. NORTH. 

